Cloud Seeding to Enhance Precipitation June 15, 2024

Global Warming and Population Growth, create a need for more Water.

There are a number of different ways to address a shortage of water:

  1. Get equal value from less water  (Conservation)

  2. Find more water from surface and groundwater  sources

  3. Have more precipitation (Increase the velocity of water)

In this article, we discuss “Finding More Water by Using Cloud Seeding to Increase Precipitation”.

Last Saturday we published an article based on a talk by Dr. Bruce M. Thomson, Regents Professor of Civil Engineering at the University of New Mexico. He gave a very good presentation on obtaining more water from brackish water, oilfield water, and importing water. You can access that article HERE.

Let us get started with today’s article on using cloud seeding to increase precipitation.

Weather modification with cloud seeding was discovered by General Electric at the Schenectady New York Laboratory.  Initially, on July 14, 1946, they used Dry Ice. Of course, prior to that time, there were other attempts at increasing precipitation

Cloud seeding can be used for three different purposes:  Precipitation enhancement, Hail suppression and fog dispersal.  In this article, I am focusing on precipitation enhancement.

Some will need to click on “Read More” to access the full article.

Today Through the Fourth Friday (22 to 28 days) Weather Outlook for the U.S. and a Six-Day Forecast for the World: posted June 15, 2024

This article focuses on what we are paying attention to in the next 48 to 72 hours. The article also includes weather maps for longer-term U.S. outlooks and a six-day World weather outlook which can be very useful for travelers.

First the NWS Short Range Forecast. The afternoon NWS text update can be found here after about 4 p.m. New York time but it is unlikely to have changed very much from the morning update. The images in this article automatically update.

Short Range Forecast Discussion
NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
Sat Jun 15 2024
Valid 12Z Sat Jun 15 2024 – 12Z Mon Jun 17 2024

…Multiple rounds of severe thunderstorms and locally heavy rain expected
to impact various locations in the northern and central U.S. through the
next couple of days…

…Late-season wet snow is forecast for the northern Rockies beginning on
Monday…

…A plume of tropical moisture is forecast to reach the central Gulf
Coast on Monday…

…A heat wave will quickly spread from the northern Plains this weekend
into the Great Lakes on Monday…

As a series of fronts pushes the showers and storms off the East Coast
early this morning, an active and changeable weather pattern will
establish across the Pacific Northwest. The unseasonably cold and
blustery conditions across this region will be in stark contrast with the
heat that is forecast to quickly spread from the northern Plains this
weekend, reaching into the Great Lakes on Monday. Areas in between these
temperature extremes will be under an active storm track where low
pressure systems will develop and move through in quick succession. The
first round of showers and storms associated with a leading system is
forecast to spark thunderstorm activity from the central Plains early this
morning to the upper Midwest by tonight. Multiple rounds of heavy rain
associated with these storms could lead to areas of flash flooding between
eastern Nebraska and northern Wisconsin. Additionally, a trailing and
stronger low pressure system is forecast to intensify and move quickly
across the northern Plains tonight. This system will help produce strong
to severe thunderstorms across parts of eastern Montana into North and
South Dakota. Unseasonably cold and windy weather will continue into
Sunday and Monday across the Northwest as yet another cold upper trough
reaches the Pacific Northwest. This system will reinforce the
unseasonably cold and windy conditions across the region on Monday along
with wet snow moving into the northern Rockies, therefore prompting the
issuance of Winter Storm Watches. Meanwhile, an area of rain and
thunderstorms is expected to develop and expand across the northern Plains
toward the upper Midwest where a stationary front strengthens ahead of a
developing low pressure system over the central High Plains.

Across the Florida Peninsula, the threat of heavy rain continues to
diminish as the main tropical moisture plume is forecast to swing farther
west and head toward the central Gulf Coast during the next couple of
days. Nevertheless, some thunderstorms that manage to develop over
southern Florida could result in local flooding issues given the already
saturated soil. By Monday morning, heavy rain associated with the
tropical moisture plume could begin impacting the central Gulf Coast
region. In contrast, a refreshingly dry airmass behind a cold front
should lead to beautiful weather this Father’s Day weekend throughout the
Northeast, Mid-Atlantic, and Ohio Valley.

The other main weather story this weekend will be the simmering heat
impacting areas from the Southwest to the Gulf Coast and Southeast. Highs
are forecast to reach the triple digits throughout much of the Desert
Southwest, with upper 90s stretching from the Southeast to parts of the
Southern Plains. Above average temperatures are also forecast across the
central Great Basin and northern Plains ahead of a cold front, with well
below average temperatures encompassing the Pacific Northwest. By Sunday,
an upper level ridge is anticipated to begin building across the Eastern
U.S., with anomalous heat starting in much of the Midwest, Central Plains,
and Tennessee Valley. Highs are forecast to reach the upper 90s, with
maximum heat indices near 105 degrees. When combined with warm overnight
lows, major heat risk could affect anyone without effective cooling and/or
adequate hydration. Be sure to remain weather aware and follow proper heat
safety!

To get your local forecast plus active alerts and warnings click HERE and enter your city, state or zip code.

Learn about wave patterns HERE.

Then, looking at the world and of course, the U.S. shows here also. Today we are looking at precipitation.

Please click on “Read More” below to access the full Daily Report issued today.

NOAA Updates its ENSO Alert on June 13, 2024 – The El Nino Advisory/La Nina Watch Continues but it is expected to be the Final El Nino Advisory – Published June 14, 2024

On the second Thursday of every month, NOAA (really their Climate Prediction Center CPC) issues its analysis of the status of ENSO. This includes determining the Alert System Status.  NOAA now describes their conclusion as “ENSO Alert System Status: Final El Nino Advisory/ La Nino Watch”

The exact timing of the transition is now fairly clear which should increase the reliability of the Seasonal Outlook to be issued next Thursday.

We have included an ENSO Blog article by

>

CLIMATE PREDICTION CENTER ENSO DISCUSSION

 

The second paragraph is what is important:

“The most recent IRI plume indicates La Niña may develop during July-September 2024 and then persist through the Northern Hemisphere winter. The forecast team is also favoring the development of La Niña during July-September because the rate of cooling has slowed since last month. The team still favors La Niña to emerge sometime during the summer months, given the persistent below-average subsurface ocean temperatures and changes in the tropical atmospheric circulation. In summary, ENSO-neutral conditions are present. La Niña is favored to develop during July-September (65% chance) and persist into the Northern Hemisphere winter 2024-25 (85% chance during November-January; ”

Below is the middle paragraph from the discussion last month.

“The most recent IRI plume favors an imminent transition to ENSO-neutral, with La Niña developing during July-September 2024 and then persisting through the Northern Hemisphere winter. The forecast team continues to favor the dynamical model guidance, which suggests La Niña could form as early as June-August 2024 [Author’s Note: slipped a month which is not a big surprise], with higher confidence of La Niña during the following seasons. La Niña generally tends to follow strong El Niño events, which also provides added confidence in the model guidance favoring La Niña. In summary, a transition from El Niño to ENSO-neutral is likely in the next month. La Niña may develop in June-August (49% chance) or July-September (69% chance).”

We now provide additional details.

CPC Probability Distribution

Here are the new forecast probabilities. The probabilities are for three-month periods e.g. MAM stands for March/April/May.

Here is the current release of the probabilities:

This chart shows the forecasted progression of the evolution of ENSO from the current El Nino State to Neutral and by the summer to La Nina.  This kind of bar chart is not very good at showing uncertainty.

Here is the forecast from last month.

The analysis this month and last month are a bit different with again the transition to La Nina being slower than thought last month.

Some will need to click on “Read More” to read the rest of this article.

Today Through the Fourth Friday (22 to 28 days) Weather Outlook for the U.S. and a Six-Day Forecast for the World: posted June 14, 2024

This article focuses on what we are paying attention to in the next 48 to 72 hours. The article also includes weather maps for longer-term U.S. outlooks and a six-day World weather outlook which can be very useful for travelers.

First the NWS Short Range Forecast. The afternoon NWS text update can be found here after about 4 p.m. New York time but it is unlikely to have changed very much from the morning update. The images in this article automatically update.

To get your local forecast plus active alerts and warnings click HERE and enter your city, state or zip code.

Learn about wave patterns HERE.

Then, looking at the world and of course, the U.S. shows here also. Today we are looking at precipitation.

Please click on “Read More” below to access the full Daily Report issued today.

Today Through the Fourth Friday (22 to 28 days) Weather Outlook for the U.S. and a Six-Day Forecast for the World: posted June 13, 2024

This article focuses on what we are paying attention to in the next 48 to 72 hours. The article also includes weather maps for longer-term U.S. outlooks and a six-day World weather outlook which can be very useful for travelers.

First the NWS Short Range Forecast. The afternoon NWS text update can be found here after about 4 p.m. New York time but it is unlikely to have changed very much from the morning update. The images in this article automatically update.

Short Range Forecast Discussion
NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
Thu Jun 13 2024
Valid 12Z Thu Jun 13 2024 – 12Z Sat Jun 15 2024

…There is an Enhanced Risk of severe thunderstorms over parts of the
Middle Mississippi Valley/Western Ohio Valley on Thursday and a Slight
Risk of severe thunderstorms over parts of the northern Mid-Atlantic/New
England plus the Central/Southern High Plains on Friday…

…There is a Moderate Risk of excessive rainfall over parts of the
southern tip of Florida on Thursday and a slight Risk over the southern
tip of Florida on Friday…

…There are Excessive Heat Warnings/Watches and Advisories over Southern
California, Southwest, Central Plains, and Southern High Plains on
Thursday…

A front extending from the Upper Great Lakes, Upper/Middle Mississippi
Valley, and then westward to the Central Rockies will move eastward to the
Northeast Coast, Mid-Atlantic, and westward to the Middle Mississippi
Valley and Central Plains by Saturday. The boundary will trigger showers
and severe thunderstorms over parts of the Middle Mississippi
Valley/Western Ohio Valley. Therefore, the SPC has issued an Enhanced Risk
(level 3/5) of severe thunderstorms over parts of the Middle Mississippi
Valley/Western Ohio Valley through Friday morning. The hazards associated
with these thunderstorms are frequent lightning, severe thunderstorm wind
gusts, hail, and a few tornadoes. In addition, there will be an added
threat of severe thunderstorms wind gusts of 65 knots or greater from the
Central Plains to Western Ohio Valley. Further, there will be an added
threat of large hail, two inches or greater, from the Central Plains to
the Western Ohio Valley.

On Friday, the boundary moves eastward to the Northeast, producing showers
and severe thunderstorms over parts of the northern Mid-Atlantic/New
England. Therefore, the SPC has issued a Slight Risk (level 2/5) of severe
thunderstorms over parts of the northern Mid-Atlantic/New England from
Friday through Saturday morning. The hazards associated with these
thunderstorms are frequent lightning, severe thunderstorm wind gusts, and
a minimal threat of tornadoes/ hail.

In addition, along the western end of the front, showers and severe
thunderstorms will develop over parts of the Central High Plains.
Therefore, the SPC has issued a Slight Risk (level 2/5) of severe
thunderstorms over parts of the Central High Plains from Friday through
Saturday morning. The hazards associated with these thunderstorms are
frequent lightning, severe thunderstorm wind gusts, hail, and a few
tornadoes. Furthermore, there will be an added threat of severe
thunderstorms wind gusts of 65 knots or greater from the Central High
Plains. On Friday, there will also be showers and thunderstorms from parts
of the Middle Mississippi Valley to the Central/Southern Appalachians.

Meanwhile, on Thursday, a stationary front with waves will extend across
northern Florida and parts of the Gulf of Mexico, and the combination of
tropical moisture over southern Florida will produce showers and
thunderstorms with very heavy rain over parts of southern Florida.
Therefore, the WPC has issued a Moderate Risk (level 3/4) of excessive
rainfall through Friday morning. The associated heavy rain will create
numerous areas of flash flooding. Furthermore, many streams may flood,
potentially affecting larger rivers.

On Friday, the threat of excessive rainfall will decrease slightly over
the southern tip of Florida. Therefore, the WPC has issued a Slight Risk
(level 2/4) of excessive rainfall over southern Florida from Friday into
Saturday morning. The associated heavy rain will create mainly localized
areas of flash flooding, with urban areas, roads, small streams, and
low-lying areas the most vulnerable.

Elsewhere, on Friday, a front will develop over parts of the Pacific
Northwest and move inland to the Northern Plains, the Great Basin, and
Southern California. The system will produce showers and thunderstorms
over parts of the Northern High Plains and Northern Plains on Friday
evening into Saturday. Moreover, onshore flow behind the front will
produce rain over parts of the Pacific Northwest from Friday to Saturday.

Moreover, upper-level ridging will develop over parts of the Southwest
eastward to the Southern, leading to Excessive Heat Warnings/Watches and
Heat Advisories over Southern California, Southwest, Central Plains, and
Southern High Plains. Residents and individuals involved in outdoor
activities must stay informed and take immediate and necessary precautions.

To get your local forecast plus active alerts and warnings click HERE and enter your city, state or zip code.

Learn about wave patterns HERE.

Then, looking at the world and of course, the U.S. shows here also. Today we are looking at precipitation.

Please click on “Read More” below to access the full Daily Report issued today.

Today Through the Fourth Friday (22 to 28 days) Weather Outlook for the U.S. and a Six-Day Forecast for the World: posted June 12, 2024

This article focuses on what we are paying attention to in the next 48 to 72 hours. The article also includes weather maps for longer-term U.S. outlooks and a six-day World weather outlook which can be very useful for travelers.

First the NWS Short Range Forecast. The afternoon NWS text update can be found here after about 4 p.m. New York time but it is unlikely to have changed very much from the morning update. The images in this article automatically update.

Short Range Forecast Discussion
NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
Wed Jun 12 2024
Valid 12Z Wed Jun 12 2024 – 12Z Fri Jun 14 2024

…There is an Enhanced Risk of severe thunderstorms over parts of the
Upper Mississippi Valley on Wednesday and a Slight Risk of severe
thunderstorms over parts of the Great Lakes/Ohio Valley, Middle
Mississippi Valley, and Central Plains on Thursday…

…There is a Slight Risk of excessive rainfall over parts of the southern
tip of Florida through Friday morning…

…There are Excessive Heat Warnings and Advisories over northern/central
California, Southwest, and western Texas on Wednesday…

A front extending from the Northern Plains to the Northern Rockies and
Great will move eastward to the Lower Great Lakes/Ohio Valley then
westward to the Central Rockies by Friday. The boundary will trigger
showers and severe thunderstorms over parts of northern Minnesota.
Therefore, the SPC has issued an Enhanced Risk (level 3/5) of severe
thunderstorms over parts of the Upper Mississippi Valley through Thursday
morning. The hazards associated with these thunderstorms are frequent
lightning, severe thunderstorm wind gusts, hail, and a few tornadoes. In
addition, there will be an added threat of large hail, two inches or
greater over Minnesota to northwestern Iowa.

Furthermore, a stationary front with waves will extend across northern
Florida and across the Gulf Coast, and the combination of tropical
moisture over Florida will produce showers and thunderstorms with heavy
rain over parts of southern Florida. Therefore, the WPC has issued a
Slight Risk (level 2/4) of excessive rainfall through Thursday morning.
The associated heavy rain will create mainly localized areas of flash
flooding, with urban areas, roads, small streams, and low-lying areas the
most vulnerable. Also, showers and thunderstorms will develop along parts
of the Western Gulf Coast and Central/Southern High Plains. Furthermore, a
cold pool of air over New England will trigger daytime showers with
embedded thunderstorms.

On Thursday, the Midwest front will move over parts of the Ohio Valley,
creating showers and severe thunderstorms. Therefore, the SPC has issued a
Slight Risk (level 2/5) of severe thunderstorms over parts of the Great
Lakes/Ohio Valley, Middle Mississippi Valley, and Central Plains from
Thursday through Friday morning. The hazards associated with these
thunderstorms are frequent lightning, severe thunderstorm wind gusts,
hail, and a few tornadoes. The system will also produce showers and
thunderstorms over parts of the Northeast on Thursday evening into Friday
morning. Showers and thunderstorms will develop over parts of the
Central/Southern High Plains.

In addition, the tropical moisture will continue to produce showers and
thunderstorms with heavy rain over parts of southern Florida. Therefore,
the WPC has issued a Slight Risk (level 2/4) of excessive rainfall from
Thursday into Friday morning. The associated heavy rain will create
mainly localized areas of flash flooding, with urban areas, roads, small
streams, and low-lying areas the most vulnerable.

Elsewhere, onshore flow will contribute to the development of rain over
parts of the Pacific Northwest Coast on Friday morning. Meanwhile,
upper-level ridging will strengthen over California and the Southwest on
Wednesday, and a subtropical high will form over North-Central Mexico,
leading to Excessive Heat Warnings and Heat Advisories over
Northern/Central California and Southwest and Excessive Heat Watches in
western Texas. It is crucial for residents and individuals involved in
outdoor activities to stay informed and take immediate and necessary
precautions.

To get your local forecast plus active alerts and warnings click HERE and enter your city, state or zip code.

Learn about wave patterns HERE.

Then, looking at the world and of course, the U.S. shows here also. Today we are looking at precipitation.

Please click on “Read More” below to access the full Daily Report issued today.

Today Through the Fourth Friday (22 to 28 days) Weather Outlook for the U.S. and a Six-Day Forecast for the World: posted June 11, 2024

This article focuses on what we are paying attention to in the next 48 to 72 hours. The article also includes weather maps for longer-term U.S. outlooks and a six-day World weather outlook which can be very useful for travelers.

First the NWS Short Range Forecast. The afternoon NWS text update can be found here after about 4 p.m. New York time but it is unlikely to have changed very much from the morning update. The images in this article automatically update.

Short Range Forecast Discussion
NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
Tue Jun 11 2024
Valid 12Z Tue Jun 11 2024 – 12Z Thu Jun 13 2024

…There is a Slight Risk of severe thunderstorms over parts of the
Southern Plains on Tuesday and over parts of the Upper Mississippi Valley
on Wednesday…

…There is a Slight Risk of excessive rainfall over parts of the southern
tip of Florida through Wednesday…

…There are Excessive Heat Warnings/Watches and Heat Advisories over
Northern/Central California, Southwest, and western Texas on Tuesday…

A front extending from the Southeast across the Gulf Coast into the
Southern Plains will make the eastern portion quasi-stationary over the
Southeast. At the same time, the western half dissipates on Wednesday. The
half of the west of the boundary will aid in creating showers and severe
thunderstorms over parts of south-central Texas. Therefore, the SPC has
issued a Slight Risk (level 2/5) of severe thunderstorms over parts of the
Southern Plains through Wednesday morning. The hazards associated with
these thunderstorms are frequent lightning, severe thunderstorm wind
gusts, hail, and a minimal threat of tornadoes.

Furthermore, showers and thunderstorms will develop along the eastern
portion of the front. The combination of tropical moisture and upper-level
impulses will aid in producing showers and thunderstorms with heavy rain
over parts of southern Florida. Therefore, the WPC has issued a Slight
Risk (level 2/4) of excessive rainfall on Wednesday morning. The
associated heavy rain will create mainly localized areas of flash
flooding, with urban areas, roads, small streams, and low-lying areas the
most vulnerable. Also, showers and thunderstorms will develop along parts
of the Mid-Atlantic Coast.

In addition, the tropical moisture will continue to produce showers and
thunderstorms with heavy rain over parts of southern Florida. Therefore,
the WPC has issued a Slight Risk (level 2/4) of excessive rainfall from
Wednesday into Thursday morning. The associated heavy rain will create
mainly localized areas of flash flooding, with urban areas, roads, small
streams, and low-lying areas the most vulnerable.

Meanwhile, an upper-level low over the Northeast will help develop rain
with daytime-embedded thunderstorms over the area on Tuesday and Wednesday.

Elsewhere, another front over the Upper Mississippi Valley extending
southwestward to the Central Rockies/Great Basin will move eastward to the
Great Lakes and dissipate by Wednesday evening. On Tuesday, the front will
produce showers and thunderstorms over parts of the Upper Mississippi
Valley/Upper Great Lakes into the Central Plains and Central Rockies.

On Wednesday, moisture pooling along the boundary will create showers and
severe thunderstorms over parts of the Upper Mississippi Valley.
Therefore, the SPC has issued a Slight Risk (level 2/5) of severe
thunderstorms over parts of the Upper Mississippi Valley from Wednesday
through Thursday morning. The hazards associated with these thunderstorms
are frequent lightning, severe thunderstorm wind gusts, hail, and a few
tornadoes. Moreover, there will be an added threat of hail, two inches or
greater, over the region. Further, showers and thunderstorms will develop
from the Gulf Coast to the Southern High Plains on Wednesday.

Furthermore, upper-level ridging will build over California and the
Southwest on Tuesday, and a subtropical high will develop over
North-Central Mexico, prompting Excessive Heat Warnings and Advisories
over Northern/Central California and Southwest and Excessive Heat Watches
in western Texas. Residents and individuals involved in outdoor activities
must stay informed and take necessary precautions.

To get your local forecast plus active alerts and warnings click HERE and enter your city, state or zip code.

Learn about wave patterns HERE.

Then, looking at the world and of course, the U.S. shows here also. Today we are looking at precipitation.

Please click on “Read More” below to access the full Daily Report issued today.

Today Through the Fourth Friday (22 to 28 days) Weather Outlook for the U.S. and a Six-Day Forecast for the World: posted June 10, 2024

This article focuses on what we are paying attention to in the next 48 to 72 hours. The article also includes weather maps for longer-term U.S. outlooks and a six-day World weather outlook which can be very useful for travelers.

First the NWS Short Range Forecast. The afternoon NWS text update can be found here after about 4 p.m. New York time but it is unlikely to have changed very much from the morning update. The images in this article automatically update.

Short Range Forecast Discussion
NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
Mon Jun 10 2024
Valid 12Z Mon Jun 10 2024 – 12Z Wed Jun 12 2024

…There is a Slight Risk of severe thunderstorms over parts of the
Northern/Central High Plains and Southeast on Monday…

…There is a Slight Risk of excessive rainfall over parts of the southern
tip of Florida on Tuesday…

…There are Excessive Heat Warnings/Watches and Heat Advisories over
Northern/Central California and Southwest on Tuesday…

A front over the Northern Rockies to the Great Basin will move eastward to
the Upper Great Lakes/Upper Mississippi Valley by Wednesday afternoon. As
moisture streams northward into the Northern Rockies/Northern Plains, the
boundary will produce showers and severe thunderstorms over parts of
western South Dakota, northwestern Nebraska, eastern Wyoming, and extreme
eastern Montana. Therefore, the SPC has issued a Slight Risk (level 2/5)
of severe thunderstorms over parts of the Northern/Central High Plains
through Tuesday morning. The hazards associated with these thunderstorms
are frequent lightning, severe thunderstorm wind gusts, hail, and a few
tornadoes.

Further, a front extending from the Southeast to the Southern Plains will
trigger showers and severe thunderstorms over parts of southeastern
Georgia and southern South Carolina. Therefore, the SPC has issued a
Slight Risk (level 2/5) of severe thunderstorms over parts of the
Southeast through Tuesday morning. The hazards associated with these
thunderstorms are frequent lightning, severe thunderstorm wind gusts,
hail, and a few tornadoes. Showers and thunderstorms will also develop
over parts of the Central/Southern Rockies and Southern Plains on Monday.
In addition, upper-level energy over the Great Lakes/Northeast will help
produce rain and showers/thunderstorms over parts of the Lower Great
Lakes, Northeast, Central Appalachians, and northern Mid-Atlantic through
Monday night.

On Tuesday, showers and thunderstorms will develop over parts of the
Upper/Middle Mississippi Valley/Upper Great Lakes, Central/Southern
Rockies, and Central/Southern Plains.

Furthermore, the combination of tropical moisture and upper-level impulses
will aid in producing showers and thunderstorms with heavy rain over parts
of southern Florida. This weather pattern has led the WPC to issue a
Slight Risk (level 2/4) of excessive rainfall from Tuesday through
Wednesday morning. The associated heavy rain will create mainly localized
areas of flash flooding, with urban areas, roads, small streams, and
low-lying areas the most vulnerable.

Elsewhere, a front over the Eastern Pacific will move onshore over the
Pacific Northwest and advance eastward to the Northern Plains to the Great
Basin by Wednesday. The system will produce rain over parts of the
Northwest and scattered showers and thunderstorms over parts of the
Northern High Plains on Wednesday. Furthermore, upper-level ridging will
build over California and the Southwest on Tuesday prompting Excessive
Heat Warnings/Watches and Heat Advisories over Northern/Central California
and Southwest. It’s crucial for residents and individuals involved in
outdoor activities to stay informed and take necessary precautions.

To get your local forecast plus active alerts and warnings click HERE and enter your city, state or zip code.

Learn about wave patterns HERE.

Then, looking at the world and of course, the U.S. shows here also. Today we are looking at precipitation.

Please click on “Read More” below to access the full Daily Report issued today.

Today Through the Fourth Friday (22 to 28 days) Weather Outlook for the U.S. and a Six-Day Forecast for the World: posted June 9, 2024

This article focuses on what we are paying attention to in the next 48 to 72 hours. The article also includes weather maps for longer-term U.S. outlooks and a six-day World weather outlook which can be very useful for travelers.

First the NWS Short Range Forecast. The afternoon NWS text update can be found here after about 4 p.m. New York time but it is unlikely to have changed very much from the morning update. The images in this article automatically update.

Short Range Forecast Discussion
NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
Sun Jun 09 2024
Valid 12Z Sun Jun 09 2024 – 12Z Tue Jun 11 2024

…There is a Moderate Risk of excessive rainfall over parts of the Middle
Mississippi Valley on Sunday…

…There is a Slight Risk of severe thunderstorms over parts of the
Northern/Central High Plains on Monday…

…There are Heat Advisories over parts of western Texas…

A front extending from the Mid-Atlantic southwestward to the Tennessee
Valley and then westward to the Central Rockies will move eastward to off
most of the Eastern Seaboard by Monday evening. Moisture pooling along the
boundary will aid in creating showers and thunderstorms with heavy rain
over southern Missouri. Therefore, the WPC has issued a Moderate Risk
(level 3/4) of excessive rainfall over parts of the Middle Mississippi
Valley through Monday morning. The associated heavy rain will create
numerous areas of flash flooding. Furthermore, many streams may flood,
potentially affecting larger rivers.

Moreover, showers and strong to severe thunderstorms will develop along
the front from the Southeast to the Northern Intermountain Region.
Therefore, the SPC has issued a Marginal Risk (level 1/5) of severe
thunderstorms over parts of the Southeast, Tennessee Valley, lower
Mississippi Valley, Southern Plains, Central Rockies, and the Northern
Intermountain Region through Monday morning. The hazards associated with
these thunderstorms are frequent lightning, severe thunderstorm wind
gusts, hail, and a minimal threat of tornadoes.

Meanwhile, a front over the Eastern Pacific will move inland to the
Pacific Northwest/Central California by early Sunday afternoon. On Sunday,
the boundary will produce showers and thunderstorms over parts of the
Pacific Northwest and Northern Intermountain Region. The front will
continue to move eastward to the Northern Plains by Monday. The front will
trigger showers and severe thunderstorms over parts of western South
Dakota, northwestern Nebraska, and extreme eastern Montana/Wyoming.
Therefore, the SPC has issued a Slight Risk (level 2/5) of severe
thunderstorms over parts of the Northern/Central High Plains from Monday
through Tuesday morning. The hazards associated with these thunderstorms
are frequent lightning, severe thunderstorm wind gusts, hail, and a few
tornadoes.

Further, the showers and thunderstorms will also cause heavy rain to
develop over parts of the Northern Plains/Upper Mississippi Valley.
Therefore, the WPC has issued a Marginal Risk (level 1/4) of excessive
rainfall over parts of the Northern Plains/Upper Mississippi Valley from
Monday through Tuesday morning. In addition, the associated heavy rain
will create localized areas of flash flooding, affecting areas that
experience rapid runoff with heavy rain.

Furthermore, along the front over the Southern High Plains, showers and
thunderstorms will cause heavy rain to develop over parts of the region.
Therefore, the WPC has issued a Marginal Risk (level 1/4) of excessive
rainfall over parts of the Southern High Plains from Monday through
Tuesday morning. In addition, the associated heavy rain will create
localized areas of flash flooding, affecting areas that experience rapid
runoff with heavy rain.

Elsewhere, tropical moisture and upper-level impulses will aid in
producing showers and thunderstorms with heavy rain over parts of southern
Florida. Therefore, the WPC has issued a Marginal Risk (level 1/4) of
excessive rainfall over parts of southern Florida from Monday through
Tuesday morning. In addition, the associated heavy rain will create
localized areas of flash flooding, affecting areas that experience rapid
runoff with heavy rain.

Moreover, upper-level energy over the Great Lakes/Northeast will help
produce rain over parts of the Great Lakes and the Northeast through
Monday night. Furthermore, upper-level ridging over Texas helps spawn Heat
Advisories over parts of western Texas.

To get your local forecast plus active alerts and warnings click HERE and enter your city, state or zip code.

Learn about wave patterns HERE.

Then, looking at the world and of course, the U.S. shows here also. Today we are looking at precipitation.

Please click on “Read More” below to access the full Daily Report issued today.

Non-Conventional Water Resources – Surface and Subsurface Sources – Posted on June 8, 2024

Global Warming and Population Growth, create a need for more Water.

There are a number of different ways to address a shortage of water:

  1. Get equal value from less water  (Conservation)

  2. Find more water from surface and groundwater  sources

  3. Have more precipitation (Increase the velocity of water)

In this article, we discuss “Finding More Water from Surface Water and Groundwater.

Recently, Dr. Bruce M. Thomson, Regents Professor of Civil Engineering gave a very good presentation on this approach. Dr. Thompson gave me permission to write an article on his presentation with my comments, which are mostly explanatory, in boxes.

Let us get started.

Bruce is pretty pessimistic that most alternative water sources will play a meaningful contribution to the hole in the budget that we anticipate due to global warming.  I tend to agree with him but not totally. He provides a strong argument for his conclusion but I think there may be important niches and separately I will discuss cloud seeding which is widely used in the U.S. West and around the World. I really appreciate the thorough analysis provided by Professor Thomson.

 Bruce covers the major alternative water sources that we think of in the inland West other than cloud seeding which I will cover in a separate article.  Many of the sources that Bruce covers involve chemical processing to reclaim the water. I think Dr. Thomson is a civil engineer and a very good one. To have the analysis be real many of the calculations are based on the water being available in Albuquerque NM but the calculation for other locations would be similar but not identical.  In the West, we use Acre-feet as a measure i.e. the amount of water to flood an acre one foot deep or 325 851 US Gallon. For stream flows we use cubic feet per second which if sustained for a year would be 723.97 af.

Some will need to click on “Read More” to access the body of this article which is extremely interesting.